How to weld pipe welds:

1.选择焊接工艺参数。

1. select welding process parameters.

焊接工艺参数是指导焊接操作的重要依据，从根焊到填充、盖焊，遵守焊接工艺规程，严格控制焊接工艺参数。

Welding process parameters are an important basis for guiding welding operations. From root welding to filling and capping welding, the welding process specification shall be observed and the welding process parameters shall be strictly controlled.

2.根焊。

2. root welding.

焊接前预热:X70钢级高，有较强的裂纹倾向，根焊前预热，将坡口和周围加热到80~120℃。

Preheating before welding: X70 steel has high grade and strong crack tendency. Preheat before root welding and heat the groove and surrounding to 80~120 ℃.

根焊:采用E6010纤维素向下焊接，双人组合从管顶焊接。起焊点从顶点超过中线的5mm~8mm开始焊接，从坡口表面引弧，将弧引到坡口根部，钝边熔融后沿焊接直接拖到下面。

Root welding: E6010 cellulose shall be used for downward welding, and the combination of two persons shall be welded from the top of the pipe. The starting point shall be welded from 5mm~8mm from the top to the center line, and the arc shall be struck from the groove surface to the groove root. After the blunt edge is melted, it shall be directly dragged down along the welding.

采用短弧操作，防止气孔发生，有利于坡口根部熔融，防止未焊接和未熔融，同时防止内凹和塌陷，更换焊条时接头充实。

Short arc operation is adopted to prevent air holes, which is conducive to the melting of groove root, to prevent non welding and non melting, to prevent concave and collapse, and to enrich the joints when replacing welding rods.

根焊结束后，表面的炉渣和飞溅。特别是焊接和坡口表面的边界部要清扫干净，以免在下层焊接时产生炉渣。

After root welding, remove the slag and splash on the surface. In particular, the boundary of the welding and groove surface shall be cleaned to avoid slag during the welding of the lower layer.

3.填充焊接:

3. filling welding:

填充层选择林肯E81T8-Gφ2.0药芯自保焊丝，手工半自动焊接。

Filling layer selection Lincoln e81t8-g φ 2.0 flux cored self shielded welding wire, manual and semi-automatic welding.

X70级钢材有一定的开裂趋势，为了防止开裂，保证层间温度达到80℃以上，冬季焊接施工采取适当的加热措施。根焊结束后，应立即清扫焊层，接着进行热焊层和填充层的焊接填充层的焊接缺陷主要是气孔、渣滓和未熔融。填充焊接时保持短弧焊接采用直线运输条或稍作摆动的焊枪倾角从上到下调整.

Grade X70 steel has certain cracking tendency. In order to prevent cracking and ensure that the interlayer temperature reaches above 80 ℃, appropriate heating measures shall be taken for welding construction in winter. After the root welding, the welding layer shall be cleaned immediately, and then the welding of the thermal welding layer and the filler layer shall be carried out. The welding defects of the filler layer are mainly air holes, slag and unmelted. During filling welding, keep short arc welding, and adjust the inclination of the welding gun from top to bottom with a straight transport strip or a slight swing

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