焊接机器人

　　welding robot

　　我国制造业中焊接机器人的应用主要是在20世纪90年代以后（个别企业在80年代中期），经历了摸索阶段。近五年来焊接机器人的数量特别是在汽车制造业中增加很快，其中弧焊机器人多于点焊机器人。当前企业使用的焊接机器人工作站大多是用示教—再现型的机器人，不具备自适应能力，因此要求工件的装配尺寸必须稳定。

　　The application of welding robots in China's manufacturing industry mainly began after the 1990s (with some companies in the mid-1980s) and went through a exploratory stage. In the past five years, the number of welding robots, especially in the automotive manufacturing industry, has increased rapidly, with arc welding robots outnumbering spot welding robots. The welding robot workstations currently used by enterprises mostly use demonstration reproduction robots, which do not have adaptive capabilities, therefore requiring stable assembly dimensions of workpieces.

　　近期我国有一些铁路车辆厂开始引进带有激光视觉传感器的焊接机器人，不仅能自动寻找和跟踪接缝，有的还能对坡口（间隙）宽度的变化自动进行一定的自适应调节。

　　Recently, some railway vehicle factories in China have started to introduce welding robots with laser vision sensors, which can not only automatically find and track joints, but also automatically adjust the width of grooves (gaps) to a certain extent.

　　今后带有视觉传感器的焊接机器人将会不断增多，尤其是对大型工件的焊接，这是一个重要的发展方向。因为大型工件的焊接自动化是比较困难的，工件的尺寸大、重量重，难以精确装配，过去一直采用手工焊或气体保护半自动焊。

　　In the future, welding robots with visual sensors will continue to increase, especially for welding large workpieces, which is an important development direction. Due to the difficulty of welding automation for large workpieces, which are large in size and heavy in weight, and difficult to assemble accurately, manual welding or gas shielded semi-automatic welding have been used in the past.

　　焊接专机

　　Welding machine

　　焊接专机是一种刚性或半刚性的自动化焊接设备，它通过电（自动控制系统）、焊（的焊接工艺、材料、设备）、机（夹具、装卡定位及运动系统）的有机集成来实现对待焊工件的高质量、率、低成本的大规模批量化生产，它不同于柔性自动化的焊接机器人。

　　Welding machine is a rigid or semi-rigid automated welding equipment that achieves high-quality, high-efficiency, and low-cost mass production of welded parts through the organic integration of electricity (automatic control system), welding (advanced welding technology, materials, equipment), and machine (fixture, clamping positioning, and motion system). It is different from flexible automated welding robots.

　　企业必须根据生产情况和产品要求来选择是用专机还是机器人，而不能笼统认为机器人是高水平的自动化，专机就是较低水平的自动化。

　　Enterprises must choose whether to use specialized machines or robots based on production conditions and product requirements, rather than assuming that robots are high-level automation and specialized machines are low-level automation.

　　根据实践经验，选择的原则如表所列。

　　Based on practical experience, the selection principles are listed in the table.

　　我国焊接专机大多在大批量生产的企业，如冰箱与空调压缩机的焊接生产线、汽车装焊生产线、管子生产线、汽车零部件生产线、摩托车零部件生产线等场合。

　　Most of the welding machines in our country are produced in large-scale enterprises, such as welding production lines for refrigerators and air conditioning compressors, automotive assembly and welding production lines, pipe production lines, automotive parts production lines, motorcycle parts production lines, and so on.

　　总的看来，我国企业采用焊接机器人和焊接专机的数量还不多，说明焊接生产的自动化水平还比较低，今后应加强这方面应用的推广力度，迅速提高焊接生产的机械化自动化效率。

　　Overall, the number of welding robots and welding machines used by Chinese enterprises is still relatively low, indicating that the automation level of welding production is still relatively low. In the future, efforts should be made to strengthen the promotion of these applications and rapidly improve the mechanization and automation efficiency of welding production.

　　本文由 山东焊接专机 友情奉献.更多有关的知识请点击  http://www.tayfsk.com   真诚的态度.为您提供为的服务.更多有关的知识我们将会陆续向大家奉献.敬请期待.

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